Vise



Oct. 16, 1945.'v

M. E. wALLis 2,387,102

vIsE

Filed June 17, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l M. E. WALLIS VISE Filed June 17,1941 2 sheets-'sheet 2 Margcl Patented Oct. 16, 1945 VISE -Marvin E.Wallis, Murray, Utah, assigner to a .corporation of Cali- .BruconVCorporation forna Y ApplicationJune 17, 1941, 'Serial No. '398,478

(Cl. l81---1'7 v) 6 Claims.

` 'The present vinvention relates to improvements in theconstruction-o'fiiuid operated vises.

-An importantl feature of the invention 'is to provide a si-mple,eicien't and compact vfluid pres- 'sure operated vise assembly includingmeans for quickly transmitting the clamping force to the movable jaw ina steady and uniform manner in order to Vinsure a positive `and tightholding of the work between the jaws.

' A further object consists in providing `the movable faw with ahorizontal arm or member which extends vthrough the xed iaw so as to beslidably mounted therein, said arm having a passage or opening in whichis housed the `operating instrurnentalities for causing the movable jawto approach the xed jaw. The -hollow movable arm substantiallyenclosesror covers the operating `instrumentalities in the different'positions rof the jaws so as to prevent iilings, dirt, and otherIforeign matter from access thereto.

Other objects and advantages o'f the vinvention will become apparentfrom the following description when taken -in conjunction with theaccompany-ing claims and drawings. i

Referring to the drawings in which is disin the swivel base 15 that actsvto center the vise on its support. The -plate I6 maybe provided withspaced outwardly extending lugs I8 which are clamped `to a suitablesupport such as a bench, table or the like -lS'by the bolts 20. Anarcuate slot 2l (Figure 2) in ythe plate' vIii has va threaded -bolt 22extending therethrough which has its'head 23 bearing against theyunderside of the plate. The youter or upper endo'f the v bolt 22 isarranged `lto receive .ai complementary threaded clamping sleeve ormember 24 having a handle 25 for locking the vise in any predeterminedor desired horizontal position'relative to the l'table i9. f

The arm I3 of the `movable jaw vI il'V is slidably mounted in the wallAof the opening4 |'2so as to closed Ya preferred embodiment of theinvention:

Figure -1 lis Aa side elevation of 'the improved vise assembly withparts in section;

`Figure 2 is a plan view taken substantially along the line 2-2 0fFigure l;

'Fig-ure 3 'is a detail disassembled Vlongitudinal sectional View of thecylinder mounting;

'Figure 'fi is a sectional view taken Asubstantially along the line 4 4of Figure 1;

VFigure 5 is a detailed side view of the stationarr iaw: Y

fFigure `6 is' `a detailed .perspective view of the pump mechanism;

Figure 7 is a detailed longitudinal sectional view'onla small scale ofthe movable fjaw;

Figure t8 .is -a detailed 'sectional view of the retaining nutassociated with the `movable jaw;

Figure A9 is an lend View of Figure `8, land Figure 1f() .isla right.hand endview of :Figure 7.

Referring to the drawings in which like numerals indicate like parts linthe several'gures, I0 designates a vise Shaving a stationary jaw Hprovided with an 4'opening I2 (Figure 4) which slidably receives anelongated horizontally disposed -arm or member I3 of the movable coactngjaw t4. The vise .t0 has .its base I5 :preferably `rotatably mounted on.a fixed plate :er turntable I6 by the centrally disposed bolt l1,`which extends through a depending threaded boss al1 be guided andsupported by the vstation ary jaw, and 'has an axially disposedthroughpassa'ge 2 5 (Figure '7) having la portionv thereof formed with adepending slot "21 'that extends outwardly to one end of the jaw so asto -provide avkeyho'le slot (Figure l0). The opposite end of the passage26 is enlarged and threaded as atf2l8 and communicates with the 'keyholeslot 2'l through a circular reduced conduit or vvport 29.A Theswivel'base |-5 of the stationary jawll is provided with a mediallydisposed dove-ltaild groove 3B (Figure 5) which extends'from'one end alimited distance inwardly and is 'of such'dav length as to receive thespaced dependingarms '3 3l and 32 of the tubular housing 33.n 'Ihelowerend .of each of the arms '3| and 32 is flared out-` wardly as at 34(Figure 4) so as to`slide 'witha wedg-ing or binding action into thegrooveBli order yto be maintained rmly in a Xed position groove .30.Manifestly other suitable means may be provided for connecting thecylinder 3i! and its associated parts to the base l5 'incr-der to permitindependent longitudinal movement of Lthe jaw i4 and the :arm |`3relative 'to the housing 3| .and

the cylinder 36. Extending axially -through fthe housing 3'3 vso Vas tobe supported vthereby iis a Vfluid pressure cylinder 36 which has vitsopposite ends externally threaded as at`3'i .and 38 (Figure 3) 'so as toreceiveV the clamping collars ltiiwhich Awhen tightened up abut theadjacentl endsof -V theV hous-i ing 33 in .order `1-,0 `firmly maintainthe cylinder 3e and its associated parts `in .a ixed position within thehousing S33. To the threaded end porti-c1131 of 'the kcylinder 36 isthreaded as 4at 40' a'iitting :or member 4I which is provided with aduid pressure chamber42. A packing -113 final be positioned lbetween the`end 3*.1 `of the :cylinder and ithe :iii-,ting `llzl to linsure `altight sealing conpassage 26 and has its outer end extending within arecess 52 in an externally threaded plug 53 which extends into theopening 28 of the jaw |41` g y The plug 53 is arranged to control theytension of the spring and is maintained in a-ixedposition by thelocking nut 54. A fluid pressure i operated piston 55 is reciprocable inthe cylinder 35 and has a rodor shaft 56 extending therefrom. The outerend of the rod 56 is threaded as at 51 to a block 58 which extendscentrally into an'opening 59 in a locking plate 69 and is securedthereto by the transverse bolt 6|. The plate 69 is preferably formedasshown in Figure 8 and has rearwardly extending spaced portions 62 eachprovided with an inwardly extending arm 63 arranged to fit within acomplementary recess 64 in the outer end portion .of the arm or shank I3and to be detachably secured thereto by the threaded bolts 65 (Figure 1)in Order to provide an operative connection of the jaw I4 with thepiston 55. The'end 39`of the cylinder 36 is closed by a threadedpackingnut 38 through Which-extends the rod 56. The hollow arm i3 of themovable jaw I4 is of such length that the threaded to receive a threadedsleeve 89 that l isi preferably located within the collar and againstthe adjacent end of the sleeve 89 so as `to engage the plunger 82 andform a tight seal therewith. The lower end of the plunger 82 has areduced threadedstem 13 to which is suitably secured the packing washers13' by the locking nuts 14', for the purpose of providing a tight sealbetween the plunger and the wall of the sleeve 89.

wall of the passage 26 overlapus or covers the top and sides of thehousing 33, cylinder 36, spring-5|, piston 55, and rod 56 at all timesand irrespective of the position of the jaws, so as to substantiallyenclose these partsand thus prevent filings, dirt, and other foreignmatter from havingaccess thereto. l

Fluid pressures such as oil, air, gas or the like may be pumpedr intothe cylinder 39 to actuate the pistonV 55in any suitable manner, and asshown; this may be effected -by providing the pump assembly 49 with anoil reservoir 66 that communicates with a passage 61 (Figure 6) inwhich-is mounted a check'valve 68 normally maintained against the seat68 by the tension of a. spring 69; The outer end of the passage 61isclosed by a plug 19 which abuts the adiacent end of the spring 69 toadjustably control the tension of the latter. The passage 61communicates with a passage 1| disposed substantially at right anglesthereto which, in turn, communicates with a vertical passage 12 in thefluid outlet boss orV member 4B that communicates with the lower end ofthe hose as at 41. The hose A45 is so constructed as to be capable ofwithstanding the pressure of the iiuid and is of such a length as topermit the turning of the vise to its different adjustable positionswithout interfering with the communication of the pump with thecylinder. In the passage 1| is a valve seat member 14 (Figure 1) havinga reduced opening 15 through which the uid is conducted from the passage61 to the passage 12. A reservoir check valve 16 is arranged to controlthe flow`of theY liquid 'through the passage 1| and isy normallymaintained against the valve seat 14 by a coil spring 11, the outer endof which abuts a screw plug 18 so as to control the tension of thespring in accordance with the pressure of the fluid.v The passage 61also communicates with a vertical passage 19' located in front of thecheck valve 68. The wall of the passage 'I9 is A pedal 81 is pivoted asat 88 to the arms 89 that extend outwardly from the boss 48 and has anelongated opening 99 through which extends the hose 45. The pedal 81 mayalso-be provided with depending spaced lugs 9| to which is connected atransverse pin 92 arranged to bear against the cam or member 84 on theplunger 82 to actuate the plunger 82 upon the depressing of the footportion 93 of thepedal, When the foot is released from the pedal, thespring 85 acts to return or raise the plunger and the pedal to theirnormal inoperative positions.

The fluid outlet passage 12 is provided with a transverse branch passage94 (Figure 6) which communicates .with a release chamber 95, through arestricted port 96 controlled by a ball check valve 91 normallymaintained against its seat by a spring 98. A lrelease pin 99 mounted inthe chamber is arranged to engage the check valve 91 to move the sameaway from the opening 96 in order to allow the uid to escape into thechamber 95'from where it is returned to the reservoir 66 through thepassage |99. The pin 99 has a head |91 arrangedto be engaged by the footof the operatorso'as to depress the same. A'packing nut |92 is threadedto the outer end of the chamber 95 and a coil spring |93 is connedbetween the head |9| and the nut Y|92 Y so as tonormally move and,maintain the pin 99 away fromthe check valve 91. 'Ihe clamping '1 jawsare preferably provided with detachable facing members |94 having flaredor tapered ribs |95v arranged to beslidably mounted and maintained incomplementary grooves |96 in the opposedsides of the jaws; The engagingsurf faces of the members |94 may be of different shapes-'so as to beVcapable of receiving and clamping the particular work in a fixedposition. The fitting 4l is provided with a threaded opening |91 whichcommunicates the'chamber 42 with the atmosphere so as to allow the airin the chamber42 and the passages'communicating therewith to escape.v'Ihe opening |91 is closed by a removablethreaded plug |98 positioned tobeeasily removed by the operator when it is desired to let out the airfrom the chamber 42. I

In operating the device, the pressure supply is cut off so that thecheck valve 68 is 'moved against its seat by the spring 69, to close theflow ofthe oil to the passage 1|. The screw 53 has been previouslyadjusted and is held in a iixed position by the locking nut 54 so that.the spring 5| will act to move the jaw |4 to its open position when thefluid pressure is reduced in the cylinder 36 and chamber 42. The plunger82 and the pedal 91 are maintained in their raised position .by theAspring 85.' Assuming it is desired to clamp fthe workbetween the jaws,the foot pedal $1 iisdepressed, thus causing the plunger 82 to'beelowered Aand upon the release of the foot from the .p'edal, .thetension'of the spring 65 returns Athe plunger`82 toits initial .positionand, at the fsame time, creates a :suction in the passage 61 in front ofthe check valve 68 which unseats the li'atter and draws a charge of oilfrom the .reservoir 66 .into the passage 11. When the pedal 81' lis:again pressed down, the check valve .68 is fclose'dxandfthe pressuredeveloped in the chameausesthe check valve 16 to be opened, thusallowing the oil to. flow .through the port 115 .into theipassage "t2where it is conducted by the :hose 45 to the :cylinder 436 in front ofthe pisto'n55 .so as to'move the rod 56 outwardly from the piston and,at the same time, cause `the .jaw M through its connection at `6I withthe block 58,'tobemoved ltowards the fixedjaw I l to main; tain the workrmly and securely in position. The slidable connection of the arm I3with the fixed .housing 33 through the slot 21., allows the .fj-aw I4 to`be movedl relative to the jaw I I without interfering with the:efficient operation of the vise .or the compactness .of the cylinderassembly.

When itis desired to release the jaws from the work, the operatorpresses down on the head IDI 'of the pin 99 'which unseats the checkvalve 9'! so as to allow the oil in the `passages 1I and I2 to flow intothe chamber 95 from where it is returned to the reservoir 66 through thepipe Iil. The release of ithe oil pressure in the passage 1I causes thespring 11 to move the check valve 16 against its seat 'I4 and, at thesame time, the tension of the spring 69 moves the valve 68 against itsseat, thus cutting off the ow of the oil from the reservoir to the pumpassembly. Due to the pressure being released in the cylinder 36 in frontof the piston 55, the tension of the spring I causes the jaw I4 to bemoved away from the stationary jaw I I so that the work may be withdrawnfrom the vise.

It will be seen that the actuation of the pin S9 will control theoutward movement of the jaw I4 depending upon how long the pin isdepressed to hold the valve 91 away from its seat. In other Words, ifthe foot is quickly released from the head IOI, the jaw I4 will beopened only a limited distance while if the pressure is maintained bythe foot on the head IUI, it will allow the jaw to move to its maximumopen position. The adjustable connection of the vise to the plate I6 bythe clamping sleeve 24 provides means for turning and maintaining thevise in any desired horizontal position so as to clamp the work thereto.The pin or bolt 6I is so constructed and'designed as to constitute ashear pin in order that if excessive pressure should accidentally beapplied to the cylinder 36 by the operator, the pin 66 will shear andthus prevent the other parts of the vise from being damaged.

Thus means are provided for moving and maintaining the jaws in firm andtight engagement with the work and which allows the vise to be moved todiierent adjusted positions without in any way aiecting the fluid orhydraulic connection of the pump assembly with the cylinder 36 and itsassociated parts, and which does not disturb or interfere with thecompactness of the parts mounted in the movable jaw. Preferably the viseis actuated by the foot of the operator so that his hands may be free toplace the work in the device. However, the vise may, if desired, beoperated by hand and requires very little ef- Cil Yfort ztofhandleorcontrol. The piston-.5:5 is oper-- ativelyconnected to the arm vI3 sothat/the power :applied 'to `the movable jaw by .a lpulling .force.rather than a pushing one, thus insuring a better :and more directgripping of the work by .the vise, than would Aotherwise be obtained.

It will be 'understood `that the-form of the irivention fshown anddescribed is merely `illustrative of la Ipreferred embodiment and thatsuch Echanges may :be made as fall within the scope :of :the claims.

I claim.:

i1. Avise of the class .described including a sta- .tionary jaw havingan opening, a movable jaw .provided `with an .arm extending through saidopening, .said :arm having :a longitudinal passage, a .tubular housingin said passage, means connecting :the housing tosaid stationary jaw, acyl- `inder'withinzsaid housing, means forsecuring the .cylinder to :thehousing, a fluid pressure operated piston slidably mounted in saidcylinder and v-liaving :a rod .ex-tending y.outwardly therefrom, :meansconnecting the free end'of the rod to the movable jaw, .'saidzarmoverlapping said rod and v4said connecting means to prevent accessoffor- :eign matter thereto, :spring means in said passage and .confinedbetween Asaid housing and the mov- :ab'le jaw.for/normallymaintainingthe jaws apart, means iforv :adjusting the tension of said spring, andmeans for controlling the flow of fluid into rsaid cylinder .to vactuate'the piston to cause the im'ovable rjaw to .approach the stationary jaw.

i2. .A vise of ltheclass described including ya stationary jaw having anopening, a movable jaw having a longitudinal arm extending through saidopening, said arm having a longitudinal passage and provided with a slotcommunicating with said passage, said slot extending inwardly from oneend of the arm a limited distance, a tubular housing in said passage andhaving a depending portion extending through said slot, means connectingthe depending portion of the housing to the stationary jaw, operatingmeans movably mounted in said housing and connected to said movable jaw,yielding means in said passage and confined between said housing and themovable jaw for normally maintaining the jaws apart, and means foractuating said operating means to cause the movable jaw to approach thestationary JaW.

3. A vise of the class described including a stationary jaw having anopening, a movable jaw having a longitudinal arm extending through saidopening, said arm having a longitudinal through passage and providedwith a slot communicating with said passage, said slot extendinginwardly from one end of the arm a limited distance, a tubular housingin said passage and having a depending portion extending through saidslot, means connecting the depending portion of the housing to thestationary jaw, operating means movably mounted in said housing andconnected to said movable jaw, the wall of said passage extending overthe operating means to prevent access of foreign matter thereto springmeans in said passage and conned between said housing and the movablejaw for normally maintaining the jaws apart, means for adjusting thetension of said spring, and means for actuating said operating means tocause the movable jaw to approach the stationary jaw.

4. A vise of the class described including a stationary jaw having anopening, a movable jaw having a longitudinal arm extending through saidopening, said arm having alongitudinal through passage and'provided witha slot communicating with said passage, vsaid slot extending inwardlyfrom one end of the arm a limited distance, .a tubular housing in saidpassage and having a depending portion extending through said slot,means connecting the depending portion of the housing to the stationaryjaw, a cylinder within said housing, means for maintaining thecylinderin a fixed position relative to the housing, a fluid pressure operatedpiston slidably mounted in said cylinder and having a rod extendingoutwardly therefrom, means connecting the free end of the rod to the`movable jaw, spring, means in said passage between the inner end ofsaid-cylinder and the outer end of the movable jaw fornormallymaintaining the jaws apart, a pump assembly, iiexible means fcommunicating the pump assembly with said cylinder on one side of thepiston, and means `for controlling the flow of the fluid from the pumpto the cylinder to actuate the piston.

and having a rod extending outwardly `therefrom, means connecting thefree end of therod to the movable jaw, spring means mounted in said portbetween the inner end of said cylinder and the outer end of said movablejaw, means for conducting fluid to one end of the cylinder, and meansfor controlling the flow of thefluid to said cylinder. n f

6. A vise of the class described including a stationary jaw having Vanopening, a movable 'jaw provided with a. horizontal arm extendingthrough said opening, said arm having an axially disposed key-hole slotprojecting inwardly from one end thereof and a port extending inwardlyfrom its opposite end, a housing mounted in said slot, means connectingtheV housing to said stationary jaw, a cylinder within said housing,means for maintainig the cylinder in afixed position relative to thehousing, a uid pressure operated piston slidably mounted in said` cyl'-inder and having a rod extending voutwardly therefrom, means connectingthe free end of the rod to the movable jaw, said rod and said connestingmeans being wholly disposed within said arm, spring means 'mounted insaidvport be'- tween the inner end of said cylinder and the outer end ofsaid movable jaw, adjustable means in said port for controlling thetension "of the- MARVIN E. WALLIS.

